РУСКЕ БЕЗЛИЧНЕ РЕЧЕНИЦЕ БЕЗ ИЗРАЖЕНОГ ВРШИОЦА РАДЊЕ И МОГУЋЕ АЛТЕРНАТИВЕ У СРПСКОМ ПРЕВОДУ

Abstract

Impersonal sentences in the Russian language can have a logical subject in their structure, most often in the dative, which does not always have to be expressed, but can be established on the basis of a broader context, which distinguishes these sentences from impersonal sentences that are not extended by the determinant. The performer in Russian impersonal sentences, except for the dative without a preposition, can be expressed by a genitive with or without a preposition, an instrumental, and there are also examples of a direct object in the accusative without a preposition. While Russian impersonal sentences without a logical subject are most often translated into impersonal sentences, for Russian impersonal sentences with a logical subject, whether expressed or not, in Serbian we usually find translation equivalents in the form of two-part personal complete or incomplete sentences. The research confirmed the existence of a certain deviation from the observed regularities: impersonal sentences as a function of Serbian translation equivalents can also appear in cases when Russian impersonal sentences are extended by a subject determinant, expressed or unspoken. These are mostly special phrases with verbs that are stylistically marked. However, even in these cases, there is often an alternative possibility of translation in the form of a subject-predicate sentence. It is assumed that it is important to make (not always) a clear distinction between Russian impersonal sentences that do not have a performer in their structure, more precisely: between sentences that are not expanded by a subject determinant and impersonal sentences that have a performer but in which it is omitted. This difference can certainly be justified by the similarity that exists between Russian impersonal sentences with the expressed and unexpressed performer, both in the structure of the sentences themselves and in their Serbian translation equivalents. Further research can show to what extent and in what way the lexical meaning of predicates and verbs can affect expressiveness or inexpressiveness, in other words: existence or nonexistence of a logical subject in Russian impersonal sentences which would certainly further clarify this important syntactic specificity and provide translators with new possibilities and alternatives for a more accurate, clearer and, of course, even better translation.