Проблемное поле развития преподавания православной культуры в российской школе: подходы к исследованию

Abstract

The article discusses approaches to the study of the problem of the development of teaching Orthodox culture (the Basics of Orthodox culture) in the Russian general education state and municipal school as an independent academic subject (course, module) at the choice of the family, parents (legal representatives) of underage schoolchildren. The formation of this practice, which began in the late 1990s in the education system of the Russian Federation, in the regions, in schools, has stagnated in the last decade, has not developed to the extent and quality necessary to achieve its goals. The study of this problem is relevant, the search for possible ways to solve it. The initial marking of the problem field is carried out in the article, the main aspects of the problem consideration are highlighted: socio-cultural, pedagogical, socio-psychological. Within their framework, issues of modern legal support for this practice and opportunities for its improvement, the relations of participants in this education, including the organizations of the Russian Orthodox Church, the state of the pedagogical base (state and church educational documents and materials, school teachers teaching Orthodox culture, their status and training, textbooks and manuals on Orthodox culture, educational and methodological support, etc.). In the pedagogical aspect, the most important issue of understanding the goals of teaching Orthodox culture in the general education of children, their upbringing and training, the expected educational results (personal and subject) and the reflection of this understanding in the main educational documents on Orthodox culture, in the subject areas "Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics", "Fundamentals of spiritual and moral culture of peoples" is highlighted Russia" in the education system.