판상형 공동주택의 건폐율 및 용적률이 일조·옥외열환경에 미치는 영향 분석

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As development density increases due to an increase in demand for apartment houses according to economic growth, a trend toward high density high rise apartment occurs. Accordingly, a bad influence is exerted on residential environment. Besides, the actual condition is that microclimate in urban space is getting worse due to an increase in artificial structure coverage ratio and imprudent apartment house block planning. For the improvement of urban microclimate and comfortable residential environment, a design that considers sunlight environment and outdoor thermal environment is needed in planning an apartment complex. And quantitative review and relevant baseline data accumulation is required. We quantitatively evaluated and analyzed an effect produced on the sunlight environment and outdoor thermal environment according to the change of floor area ratio and building coverage ratio, a main factor of building density in apartment houses. Sunlight environment is more sensitively affected by the change of building coverage ratio than that of floor area ratio under the same conditions of distance between buildings. The percentage of apartments having insufficient solar access decreased by an average of 2.1% according to the increase of floor area ratio. On the other hand, in case the building coverage ratio increased, it increased by an average of 25.2%. With regard to outdoor thermal environment, as floor area ratio increases, average building surface temperature decreases by 1.6~2.0% and average MRT decreases by 3.2~4.5%. Besides, it is possible to find that a daily variation in HIP becomes larger according to the increase of floor area ratio than according to the change of building coverage ratio. It is thought that the reason is that sunlight environment and outdoor thermal comfort in summer is largely affected by sun shade in comparison, and in case of HIP, the effect of artificial structure coverage ratio such as roof slab area is more dominant. It is believed that building density needs to be planned in consideration of comfortable residential environment in planning an apartment complex. And it is thought that a plan to which an environment-friendly technique is applied should be made according to whether floor area ratio and building coverage ratio is applied.