Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant activities of Amaranth (Amaranthus spp. L.) seed extracts. Methanol and hot water extracts of the seeds were evaluated for their total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin content, antioxidant activities, and protective effects against oxidative stress on L-132 cells. The hot water extracts showed higher total phenol (4.23 mg GAE/g) and tannin (0.511 mg TAE/g) content, while the methanol extracts showed higher flavonoid content (1.53 mg CE/g). The methanol extracts performed better than the water extracts for DPPH radical-scavenging activity, while the water extracts performed better for ABTS radical-scavenging activity and SOD-like activity. With L-132 cells, the water extracts showed strong protective effects against oxidative stress in a dose dependent manner with an effect three-fold higher than that of the methanol extracts at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. A higher inhibition activity of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cells was observed with the water extracts than with the methanol extracts at a concentration of 250 μg/mL. In summary, the water extracts showed the highest total polyphenol and tannin content and a more powerful protective effect against oxidative stress and inhibition effect of NO. Our results suggest that amaranth seeds may be useful as natural antioxidant compounds.
Published Version
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