Abstract
A traditional ventilation index (ACH: Air Change per Hour) is determined by the total volume and supply/exhaust flow rate. However, this index is not suitable to evaluate the local stagnant air flow. In this paper, a new index (κ: Reverse-flow rate index) is proposed by using a reverse-flow rate in order to indicate the local stagnant air flow quantitatively. In addition, the amount of local stagnant air flow is evaluated by the change of structural shape variables. The structural shape variables which induced an influence on the fluid flow are considered by the porosity (ρ) and the number of gaps (N ). As the result from the analysis of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the performance of natural ventilation by the structural shape variables is similar, but there is a disparity for size of a local stagnant air flow by presence or absence of gaps. In addition, it is showed that the reverse-flow rate index has a tendency to increase the value with decreasing the value of porosity and the number of gaps each. Based on these performances, the approximated values of reverse-flow rate and the reverse-flow rate index are presented by a function of the porosity and the number of gaps through the regression of surface fitting.
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