ДИИЗОНОНИЛ- И ДИИЗОДЕЦИЛФТАЛАТЫ - НОВЫЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ПЛАСТИФИКАТОРЫ ДЛЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОй ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

Abstract

Environmental aspects and safety requirements of using plasticizers dioctyl phthalate (DOP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) are studied. Data on the Russian market of plasticizers DOP, DINP and DIDP are represented. Continuous increase of consumption DINP, DIDP and decrease of consumption DOP are determined in the Russian Federation. The necessity of production DINP, DIDP in Russia is proved. The comparative analysis of the basic physicochemical and performance properties of phthalate plasticizers DOP, DINP, DIDP is shown. Areas of application DINP and DIDP are presented. Chemistry and conditions of the esterification reaction of phthalic anhydride and isononyl (isodecyl) alcohol are described. The most common catalysts used in industry for the synthesis DINP and DIDP are presented. The schematic block-flow diagram of the production of DINP, DIDP is presented. Technological schemes of production of DINP, DIDP in continuous and batch process using organometallic and acid catalysts are described. Units for the production DINP and DIDP using organometallic catalysts (in particular, organotitanium) are more effective because further processing steps of crude ester are simplified and amount of wastewater is reduced. Modernization of existing units (batch and continuous) producing DOP for issue of new types of phthalates and considering of variant creating fundamentally new units for DINP and DIDP issue are proposed. Implementation of DINP and DIDP plasticizers production in Russia will allow to use new types of plasticizers of domestic production for plasticizing PVC and other polymers as well as to accomplish expansion into Asian and European markets.