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Abstract

The paper characterizes theoretical and methodological approaches and methods of comparative education (Comparative Education) on the philosophical, general scientific, concrete scientific and technological levels, which were received on the basis of the analysis of the works of Russian and foreign comparativists and educational practices. The features of the humanitarian approach, the essence and distinctive features of the system, cultural, axiological, competence approach to the methodology of the Russian comparative education are presented. The advantages of the humanitarian approach to the comparative study of the educational reality are considered. Great attention is paid to the identification of variant conditions for the development of the individual student based on an integrated use of quantitative and qualitative methods, that allows researchers to study not only the educational system but also the man himself in these systems in a particular socio-cultural context . The methods of application of theoretical and practical, quantitative and qualitative methods in a comparative study of the educational reality at the global, national and institutional levels are described. Measures to improve the scientific and methodological potential of comparative education in Russia are suggested to convert this branch of scientific knowledge and educational discipline into an effective instrument of modernization of national education.