ИММУНИТЕТ РАСТЕНИЙ И СТРАХОВАНИЕ УРОЖАЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР

Abstract

Agricultural insurance with state support (in crop production) creates conditions for stable and effective activity in the cultivation of basic agricultural crops, which is especially important in conditions of uncertain weather factors typical for the risky agriculture zone, which includes the Samara region. Dry summers, frosty winters with a minimum of precipitation make agricultural production largely dependent on natural and climatic factors. The study purpose is to substantiate the need to take into account the characteristics of individual varieties when insuring agricultural crops with state support. It is necessary to solve the following tasks: - to formulate the biological characteristics of individual varieties of agricultural crops; - to classify all emergencies according to the type of impact on plants; - substantiate (using the spring barley example) the need to correct the existing approach when signing agricultural insurance contracts with state support in crop production. When developing an insurance algorithm, it is necessary to take into account the breeding potential of both agricultural crops and individual varieties associated with their genetic characteristics. The widespread use of the achievements of genetics, realized in the form of the formation of plant immunity, makes it possible to achieve a significant degree of resistance to abiotic and biotic factors that have a compensated and uncompensated nature. As can be seen from the presented calculation, it cannot be said that the presence of a variety in the State Register of Breeding Achievements is a prerequisite for its successful cultivation. Therefore, it is necessary for each agricultural crop to identify a number of features, the presence of which makes this variety resistant to the totality of all factors of the given microregion.