『說文解字』 心部 감정 표현어의 어휘 변화

Abstract

The 263 headwords compiled which include the radical 心 (heart) in the Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字) are semantically classified into four categories: Emotion, Personality, Cognition and Virtue. Among them, this paper examines 124 headwords under the ‘Emotion’ category to review the lexical changes by comparative study with the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (現代漢語詞典, Modern Chinese Dictionary), 7th edition. This paper covers two main topics. In Chapter 2, we explain the types of emotion words and ways of defining the meanings contained in the radical 心 of the Shuowen Jiezi. In Chapter 3, the headwords and entries in the Shuowen Jiezi and the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian are compared to analyze the forms of the emotion words which include the radical 心 and how the meanings changed. The findings of the analysis are summed up as follows: First, about 71% (88 headwords) of the 124 emotion words with the radical 心 in the Shuowen Jiezi are included in the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian. Of these headwords, about 16% (14 headwords) are replaced with simplified Chinese, and about 22% (27 headwords) of the 124 emotion words, including 10 headwords that are listed as variants of Chinese characters, are incorporated into other characters. Second, as a result of screening the Hanyu Da Cidian (漢語大詞典, Comprehensive Chinese Word Dictionary), it was found that 48 headwords (A) applying the direct interpretation (直訓) method are combined with 29 definitions (B) and lexicalized into 71 compound words (AB/BA). Of the total 71 compound words, about 41% (29 compound words) are included in the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian. Just 24% (17 compound words) of these compound words are passed down in full with none of the lexical composite elements replaced, while 15% (11 compound words) have lexical composite elements partly replaced. Third, about 88% (77 headwords) of the emotion words with the radical 心 that have been passed into the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (現代漢語詞典) have been passed down along with definitions from the Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字), of which about 49% (43 headwords) are used in contemporary written Chinese. About 13% (11 headwords) of the emotion words with the radical 心 are not traceable in the Xiandai Hanyu Cidian to their original meaning contained in the Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字). This demonstrates a pattern of loss or changes of meaning and semantic changes in accordance to the incorporation of characters and frequency of use. To expand the fields for analysis in this study, further study may be conducted to clarify causes of the change aspects of the various lexical changes, such as the lexicalization through coinages of monosyllable words, which is a key Chinese lexical change. Further studies may also include analysis on the loss, replacement, and incorporations of lexical forms as well as loss and changes of meaning.