Первый опыт разведения русской комолой породы крупного рогатого скота в условиях Республики Калмыкия

Abstract

Purpose. Analysis of the economic and biological features of the Russian hornless breed of cattle bred in the Republic of Kalmykia. Materials and Methods. The work was carried out in the conditions of the farm of IE KFF (Individual entrepreneur peasant (farm) farm) Iskam I.A. Maloderbetovsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia. The object of the study is bathing cattle of the Russian polled breed. The material was the results of the bounty sheets of cattle of the Russian hornless breed for 2023, which were provided by the individual entrepreneur by the head of the farm Iskam I.A. Maloderbetovsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia. Results. Studies have shown that animals with a strong constitution have a pro-dignity of life longer and retain reproducible ability and high productivity until old age. Cattle on the farm are characterized by well-defined meat forms of build and a strong constitution. Animals have a rather wide body with developed muscles, massive hams, a powerful anterior part with a dilapidated chest; are well adapted to the sharply continental and arid climate of the zone of location of the farm. Studies conducted by employees of VRIMMP have established that high growth in large animals is combined with a wide body, which determines high indicators of their living weight. One of the main among the economic and useful signs of a meat cow is its milk productivity. Calves are weaned from mother cows on the farm at the age of 7-7,5 months, as well as depending on their condition, although overexposure of them on suction after 8 months of age negatively affects the preparation of the mother stock for wintering and further reproduction. Conclusion. The farm of the individual entrepreneur of the head of the farm Iskam I.A. on the basis of a high-class livestock is engaged in targeted breeding work to consolidate and improve the economic and useful prizes of the Russian hornless breed. Due to the improvement of the existing highly productive lines of combed animals, which produce high growth energy, give a good slaughter yield, are adapted to pasture content and more efficiently use coarse and juicy feeds, the farm plans to reduce the productivity of the herd.