АКТУАЛЬНІСТЬ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ДОЩОВИХ ЧЕРВ’ЯКІВ В БІОІНДИКАЦІЇ СТАНУ УРБОЕДАФОТОПІВ МІСТА РІВНЕ

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of earthworms urboedaphotopes in Rivne. The important questions of the definition of species biodiversity of earthworms were considered in the studied area, their spatial distribution under different anthropogenic load, the characteristics of morphometric parameters were given, and the role of earthworms in early diagnosis of pollution of soils and their importance in biological indication of pollution were shown. The study area was arbitrarily divided into five test ranges. Each tested area had five landfill sites of study depending on the level of human activity. The recreational area of the city - the park named after Taras Shevchenko was adopted as a conventionally controlled area. As a result of field and laboratory research in urboecosystem of Rivne 5 species of earthworms were found and it was established that the earthworms belong to three families (Aporektoda, Lumbricus and Eisenia) of Lumbricidae family: (Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826), Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826), Lumbricus сastaneus (Savigny 1826), Lumbricus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758), Eisenia fetida (Savigny 1826). The predominate characteristic is given to Aporrectodea caliginosa і Aporrectodea rosea. In the studied Rivne edaphotopes the results of abundance and biomass of earthworms are minor and the amount is an average of 7,04 individuals per m2 and 2,34 g/m2. The smallest number of earthworms (1-2 individuals per m2) is defined on farmland. Analyzing the age structure of earthworms, it was established that in the assembled material Mature individuals took- 61,9 % and the juvenile individuals - 38.1%. It is the adaptation of earthworms at different stages of their development that ensures the integrity and preservation of soil biota. The expediency of priority use of earthworms for the early diagnosis of the ecological state of the city soils was proven since their high sensitivity to anthropogenic impact at different stages of the life cycle occurring in the soil justifies their use as indicator organisms for the biological monitoring of soils. Key words: soil, earthworms, species composition, morphometric parameters, bioindication, urboecosystem.