ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ СОРБЕНТЫ ДЛЯ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ НИКЕЛЯ И КОБАЛЬТА В ГИДРОМЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ НИКЕЛЕВЫХ РУД

Abstract

The paper provides a critical analysis of the sources, a generalization of the factual and theoretical material on the properties, the use of natural and synthetic sorbents for the extraction of nickel and cobalt from productive solutions after the leaching of nickel ores. Comparison of promising sorbents in terms of efficiency of their use with sorbents used in industry has been carried out. Sorption processes using natural substances or synthetic resins contribute to the selective extraction of nickel and cobalt from aqueous solutions. Zeolites modified with various functional groups are very promising materials for selective recovery. The ability to selectively extract metal cations and the possibility of regeneration makes ion-exchange polymer resins one of the leading sorbents in the modern world. The polymer resin sorption process avoids wastage of reagents, costly filtration, and poor selectivity for nickel and cobalt over other metal ions associated with solvent extraction processes. A comparison of the values of the sorption capacities of natural sorbents shows the promise of using silicate minerals - montmorillonite and palygorskite in industry, as well as the development of technological processes using them. Analysis of the recovery rates of synthetic polymer resins proves the frequent use of Amberlite, Dowex and Ionac in the industry. However, Dowex M4195 has the highest nickel selectivity due to the presence of a bis-picolylamine functional group, unlike other resins with an iminodiacetate group. In addition, the disadvantage of foreign-made chelate resins is their high cost, which cannot be said about the cation exchanger grade KU 2-8 of a Russian manufacturer.