Abstract
The incidence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is increasing every year. IDA is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations, including in the oral cavity, which is explained by a wide range of metabolic disorders. In patients with sideropenia, the body's resistance to infectious and inflammatory diseases decreases, which is associated with depression of humoral and cellular immunity. At the same time, data on the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with IDA are very contradictory; there is no clear understanding of the significance of changes in the oral cavity cytokine levels in this category of patients. The aim of the research was to study the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the oral fluid in patients with IDA. The study involved 168 patients. The main group included patients with IDA, the comparison group — patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases without somatic pathology, the control group — persons without concomitant diseases and inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. In all patients, the dental status was determined, as well as the content of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and IFN-γ in the oral fluid. The results of dental examination showed the presence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in all examined with IDA. The combination of inflammatory periodontal diseases with IDA led to a significant decrease in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in the oral fluid of the participants compared with similar indicators in patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases without somatic pathology, which indicates immune deficiency in these patients. The dental examination results showed the presence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in all examined with IDA. The combination of inflammatory periodontal diseases with IDA led to a significant decrease in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in the oral fluid of the examined, compared with the similar indicators in patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases without somatic pathology, which indicates immune deficiency in these patients.
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