アルギニン負荷試験による小児の血糖，血清インスリンおよび血しょうグルカゴンの動態 ＩＩ 糖尿病家族歴のある小児（同胞または片親が糖尿病）および糖尿病小児について

Abstract

The changes in blood glucose (BG) levels, serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels and plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) levels were studied during arginine tolerance tests in 16 children whose one sibling or one parent had diabetes mellitus and 20 diabetic children, using the same method as previously reported. The results were compared with those obtained previously in the matched age groups of the healthy children.The results obtained were as follows.1) Children with a family history of diabetes mellitus. There were no differences between these children and the matched age groups of healthy children, concerning the basal levels of BG, serum IRI and plasma IRG and the responses to arginine, except for the significantly greater IRI responses in the older children.2) Children with early diabetes mellitus (8 with chemical diabetes, and 2 with potential diabetes).All basal levels of BG, serum IRI and plasma IRG varied considerably from case to case.The responses of BG to arginine in these children were greater (7 children) than those in the healthy children.The IRI responses to arginine in these children were greater (4 children), lesser (3 children), delayed (one children) or the same (2 children), as compared with those in the healthy children.The IRG responses to arginine were greater (4), lesser (4) or the same (2).These results show that early diabetes mellitus in childhood is also accompanied by not only abnormal BG curve on the oral glucose tolerance test but abnormal response of IRI and/or IRG to arginine administration.3) Children with overt diabetes mellitus (6 with juvenile diabetes mellitus and 4 with adult type diabetes mellitus).The basal levels of IRG were slightly high in children with juvenile diabetes mellitus, and the responses of BG and IRG to arginine were greater, except for one case in which the child showed no response, as compared with those in the healthy children.In adult type diabetes mellitus, basal levels of BG, serum IRI and plasma IRG were highas compared with those in the healthy children, except for two cases (case 17 and case 19). The IRI responses to arginine were greater in one case, lesser in 2, and delayed in one, as compared with those in the healthy children. On the other hand, the IRG responses to arginine were remarkably greater in 3 non-treated cases than in the healthy children, and rather less in one case during treatment with SU-agent.