Abstract
In the course of performing service and combat missions, the units of the National Guard of Ukraine need to overcome narrow passages of streets and various kinds of obstacles. In this case, the automotive equipment used in the course of performing the assigned tasks is subject to increased requirements in terms of maneuverability. The purpose of the study was to increase the efficiency of the performance of service and combat missions by units of the National Guard of Ukraine by increasing the maneuverability of four-axle all-wheel drive vehicles. It was shown, that the number of degrees of mobility of the undercarriage is determined by the number of independent control actions causing the car to turn in the road plane. From the analysis of the number of possible independent control actions for turning a four-axle vehicle in the road plane, it can be seen that an all-wheel drive four-axle vehicle with two turntables with separate control of the drive wheels makes it possible to implement 10 degrees of mobility of the running gear in the road plane. A car with a traditional design of the undercarriage, which has all driving wheels and two front guide axles, makes it possible to realize the number of degrees of freedom equal to ω=2 when turning in the road plane (since the ratio between the angles of rotation of the guide wheels is constant). Thus, result of the study, is substantiated the relationship between the maneuverability of a multi-axle (four-axle) all-wheel drive vehicle and the number of degrees of mobility of its undercarriage. It has been determined that the implementation of the front and rear two-axle undercarriages as swivel allows a five-fold increase in the number of degrees of freedom compared to a four-axle vehicle with a traditional undercarriage with two front steered (guide) axles. This significantly improves the maneuverability of the vehicle and ensures an increase in the efficiency of the performance of service and combat missions by units of the National Guard of Ukraine.
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