植被覆盖度对夏季降温效应的影响——以内蒙古为例

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 植被覆盖度对夏季降温效应的影响——以内蒙古为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202107091846 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（CAFYBB2020SY032） The influence of vegetation coverage on cooling effect in summer: A case study of the Inner Mongolia Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:随着全球变暖的加剧，区域热环境问题日益凸显，植被的降温作用逐渐得到广泛关注。目前已有的研究多从样地尺度分析不同类型植被的降温效应。而区域尺度的研究多从定性的角度揭示地表温度与植被覆盖的关系，对评估植被的实际降温效应具有一定的局限性。以内蒙古为研究区，以MODIS地表温度数据为基础，采用近邻分析法，将森林、灌丛和草地的MODIS地表温度与相邻5km范围内的低覆盖地表作为对照，分析植被的降温效应以及植被覆盖度对降温效应的影响。从2015年7月地表温度平均值的结果来看，降温度数在蒙东、蒙中和蒙甘区均呈现森林>灌丛>草地。森林的降温范围在0.67-1.03℃，灌丛为0.60-0.95℃，草地为0.47-0.86℃。植被降温度数与植被覆盖度的回归拟合为对数分布，均呈显著正相关（P<0.01）。且在不同的植被覆盖度范围内植被降温效应具有显著差异，植被覆盖度水平较低时（<40%），植被覆盖度的增加能更显著地降低地表温度。从整体来看，植被覆盖度每增加10%，森林降温0.12-0.39℃；灌丛降温0.1-0.2℃；草地降温0.049-0.075℃。综上，内蒙古作为全球气候变化最为敏感的区域之一，研究植被的夏季降温效应能够为内蒙古的气候调节服务评估提供重要的理论支撑及案例参考。 Abstract:As global warming intensifies, regional thermal environment problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, the cooling effect of vegetation has gradually gained widely attention. Existing studies mostly analyzed the cooling effect of different types of vegetation from plot-scale. However, studies on region scale mostly focused on the qualitative analysis of relationship between vegetation parameters and surface temperature. Due to lack of comparative analysis between test plot and control plot, there have certain limitations for evaluate actual cooling effect and calculate corresponding cooling value. Using the nearest neighbor analysis in this article, the MODIS surface temperature of forest, shrub and grassland were compared with the surface temperature of low coverage to analyze the cooling effect of vegetation. The range of the control area was selected as 5km because adequate control plots were found within this distance. The regression fitting was used to analyze the influence of vegetation coverage on cooling effect. According to the results, cooling effect in Eastern Inner Mongolia, Central Inner Mongolia, and Inner Mongolia-Gansu subregions all showed forest > shrub > grassland. The range of temperature reduction in forest was 0.67-1.03℃, that in shrub was 0.60-0.95℃, and that in grassland was 0.47-0.86℃. The regression fitting of vegetation cooling degree and vegetation coverage was logarithmic distribution, and which showed significantly positive correlation (P < 0.01). When the vegetation coverage level is lower (< 40%), the increase of vegetation coverage can significantly reduce the surface temperature. For example, every 10% increase in low coverage forests (< 40%), the range of temperature reduction was 0.20-0.27℃, that in medium coverage forests (40%-60%) was 0.12-0.16℃, and that in high coverage forests (>60%) was 0.07-0.10℃. Differences in the cooling effect of different vegetation coverage may be affected by multiple factors such as vegetation transpiration, surface reflection, shading, roughness, and so on. The results showed that trees can effectively block direct sunlight, and the cooling effect is significantly higher than that of shrubs and herbs. For instance, every 10% increase in vegetation coverage would result in forest cooling of 0.12-0.39℃, shrub cooling of 0.1-0.2℃ and grassland cooling of 0.049-0.075℃. In conclusion, Inner Mongolia is one of the most sensitive regions to global climate change. To study the cooling effect of vegetation can provide importantly theoretical support and case reference for the assessment of climate regulation services in the Inner Mongolia. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献