ОБ АКТУАЛЬНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯХ СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНЫХ РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В БЕЛАРУСИ

Abstract

Background. At present there are no scientifically substantiated data on the problems of introducing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in the Republic of Belarus. The relevance of developing approaches, organizing opinion polls and processing data on a representative sample of Belarusians does not raise doubts in view of the relationship between social attitudes in the field of reproductive health and the national security of the country. Purpose. Substantiation of medical and sociological study of ART in the population of the Republic of Belarus. Material and methods. The bibliographic analysis included the study of Russian and foreign experience in assessing the sociological aspects of reproductology (materials of Springer Link, Oxford University Press, The New England Journal of Medicine, The British Medical Journal, the SCOPUS database of Elsevier, the EBSCO platform), as well as the analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the field of reproductology. Results. In the country, the interests of the party that wants to become a parent (surrogate motherhood, donation) are respected as much as possible. The medicalized approach to the definition of ART methods in Belarus is typical, as in other post-Soviet countries, which are characterized by a classical (nuclear) understanding of the family. Taking into account the current trends in the development of the market for reproductive technologies and those techniques that are used in reproductive centers of the Republic of Belarus, it is necessary in the legislative framework to provide for the rules and possibilities of using such methods as hatching (dissection of the embryo membrane), intracytoplasmic sperm injection, intracytoplasmic sperm injection after selection according to morphological criteria, preimplantation diagnostics. Conclusions. The following areas are relevant for Belarus: 1) study of the awareness of the population of the Republic of Belarus about ART; 2) assessment of social trust in ART on the part of the population; 3) development of technologies for positive reproductive attitudes in society, including the use of ART.