Abstract
The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of German legislation regarding the right regulation of the work of supervisory boards of joint stock companies — banks. During the writing of the article, the main legislative acts of Germany, the current version of which was published on the official website of the Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection (Bundesministeriums der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz), were studied and analyzed, as well as scientific articles by German scientists and practitioners. Corporate legislation of Germany is compared with the legislation of Ukraine regarding the legal regulation of the activity of banks, which are joint stock companies. It is established that the banking activity should be performed by a legal entity in the form of a joint stock company. The two-tier system of governance with supervisory boards and executive boards, as well as a clear division of powers of management and control between these bodies, must be mandatory for banks. Suggestions were made on the possibility of electing not only shareholders and independent directors, but also other bank stakeholders, to the Supervisory Boards, in particular the election of employees, trade unions and, as a consequence, strengthening the influence of the labor collective on the management of the company. Emphasis is placed on the existence in German corporate law of provisions allowing the election, in certain cases, of members of the supervisory boards in court for the application of the list of persons defined by law. It is concluded that such practice is not practicable in Ukraine at this time due to the lack of speed of court proceedings and the possibility of unfair actions to influence the joint stock company on this basis. It is proposed to provide a mechanism for appealing the decisions of the Supervisory Board by the company Executive Board. The implementation of these innovations could strengthen the system of checks and balances in the management of the bank, namely to ensure mutual control of the supervisory board and the executive board of the bank, as well as to make it impossible (to prevent) the possibility of making decisions that could lead to negative consequences in the activity of the bank. There are a number of other statements and suggestions that can be used in further legislative work to improve the legal regulation of corporate governance in Ukraine.
Highlights
Проведено комплексне дослідження законодавства Німеччини, що стосується правого регулювання роботи наглядових рад акціонерних товариств — банків.
David Block та Anne-Marie Gerstner зазначають, що загальна кількість членів наглядової ради може варіюватися від 3 до 21 члена залежно від розміру акціонерного капіталу, впливу Закону про участь працівників (Mitbestimmungsgesetz) і статуту компанії [3, с.
51 Закону України «Про акціонерні товариства», наглядова рада акціонерного товариства здійснює захист прав акціонерів товариства і в межах компетенції, визначеної статутом та цим Законом, здійснює управління акціонерним товариством, а також контролює та регулює діяльність виконавчого органу.
Summary
Проведено комплексне дослідження законодавства Німеччини, що стосується правого регулювання роботи наглядових рад акціонерних товариств — банків. David Block та Anne-Marie Gerstner зазначають, що загальна кількість членів наглядової ради може варіюватися від 3 до 21 члена залежно від розміру акціонерного капіталу, впливу Закону про участь працівників (Mitbestimmungsgesetz) і статуту компанії [3, с.
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