Обоснованность применения требования пожарной безопасности

Abstract

PURPOSE. Justification of applying fire safety requirements is necessary in cases of conducting control and supervisory activities to determine the compliance with mandatory requirements. When establishing mandatory requirements, the cost of the implementation should be assessed. These costs should be proportionate to the risks prevented by these mandatory requirements. The aim of the research is to enhance the effectiveness of the risk-oriented model of control and supervisory activities. The objectives of the research include differentiating fire safety requirements into mandatory and advisory, taking into account the determining the area of effective application of fire safety requirements based on a calculated assessment of fire risks and proportionality of applied fire safety measures. The target of the research is the risk-oriented model of control and supervisory activities in the conditions of technical regulation in the field of fire safety. The scope of the research is the algorithm for applying fire safety requirements proportionate to the risk of hazard. METHODS. The authors of the work used calculated predictive methods for assessing fire risks to evaluate the level of danger and the cause-and-effect analysis method for qualifying violations of fire safety requirements, the non-compliance of which may cause harm. FINDINGS. An algorithm for applying mandatory fire safety requirements proportionate to the risk of causing harm has been developed based on calculation methods established by regulatory documents and legal acts, which creates conditions for compliance with mandatory requirements, taking into account the risk of causing harm to legally protected values, and reducing unjustified costs for ensuring fire safety requirements. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. Qualification of violations of fire safety requirements during control and supervisory activities to assess the compliance of protected objects with fire safety requirements. CONCLUSIONS. The effectiveness of the risk-oriented model of control and supervisory activities depends on targeted calculation-based systems of fire protection, for the implementation of which an algorithm for applying fire safety requirements proportionate to the risk of causing harm has been developed. This will eliminate unjustified claims of state fire supervision against supervised individuals, remove administrative barriers, and reduce social tension. Thus, the principle of proportionality of intervention by control and supervisory authorities in the activities of supervised individuals is implemented.