ІСТОРІЯ МЕТОДИЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕХНІКИ ПАСТЕЛЬ В РИСУНКУ ТА ЖИВОПИСІ

Abstract

The process of reforming and modernizing higher education involves raising the level of professionalism of future professionals and in particular artists-teachers. The motivation of this article is the need to create methodological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the foundations of artistic skills of students in the process of professional training. The methodical development of pastel technique on the basis of research of historical and pedagogical literature is considered in the article. An analysis of the work of artists of primary schools of pastels in many countries around the world, who used the technique of pastels in their works. Its semantic part and significance in the system of educational process in art-pedagogical establishments of higher education are covered. Pastel technique, its methods and techniques are quite complex, so they need to develop a separate training course to master it. The acquisition of future artists-teachers of professional skills and knowledge in the learning process directly depends on their mastery of various art techniques. The formation of professional artistic skills in the use of soft materials is possible only with the integrated application of methods and techniques and the creation of pedagogical conditions for creative activity. The pastel technique is unique and thanks to its technical capabilities it is possible to solve creative tasks of any level of complexity. It is convincingly proved that there is an urgent need to include work with soft materials in the educational program of training of the future artist-teacher. And training of students of art techniques and their combination in drawing and painting gives a push for development of creative imagination and imagination. Analysis of the historical experience of the development of the technique of pastels in drawing and painting highlights the importance of teaching students this technique in classes in major art disciplines. It can be argued that the pastel technique is an important part of the educational process in institutions of higher art education. The importance of her education lies not only in the diversification of students' technical experience, but also in the holistic formation of their artistic and creative skills. The problem of creating a sound system of teaching pastel techniques for students of higher education institutions requires further in-depth study.