К вопросу становления политики безопасности ФРГ

Abstract

The article examines the issue of the formation of Germany's security policy after the Second World War. The German security policy at the present time was formed in the conditions of the Cold War. The German entry into the system of military-political alliances of the West was due to the country's subordinate position in relation to the Western occupying powers. Initially, there were two vectors in security policy: the European and the transatlantic, linked to the United States and NATO. The first government of the Federal Republic of Germany, led by Konrad Adenauer, tried to take into account both the European and transatlantic vectors. Moreover, this trend continued later. As a result, the military component of European integration did not find the proper development and wasn't regarded as a significant competitor for NATO. Furthermore, the history and a highly developed pacifist movement leave a significant imprint on the German security policy. The pacifist movement began in Germany in the 1950s in response to the government's decision to remilitarize. The ideology of pacifism in the form of rejection of the growth of the Bundeswehr, military spending, the participation of the German contingent in NATO military operations - all this remained as a part of the German socio-political consciousness. Also, the formation of security policy in Germany is historically the result of a broad intra-social consensus. The result of this compromise is in some way the “White Paper” or “White Paper of the Bundeswehr”, a conceptual document on threats to national security and plans for the development of the Bundeswehr for the coming years, developed by the Ministry of Defense in 1969 with extensive discussion by parliament and the public.