Abstract
Goal. To determine the productivity of 4-field crop rotation with minimized and zero main tillage and organomineral fertilizer systems using post-harvest residues and green manures in the conditions of irrigation of the South of Ukraine. Methods. Field, quantitative, visual, laboratory, computational, mathematical, and statistical methods using generally accepted in Ukraine methods and guidelines. Results. The data are given of experimental researches of formation of productivity of cultures of 4-field row crop rotation at various basic cultivation of soil and fertilizers on the irrigated lands in a zone of action of the Kakhovka irrigation system. It was found that the highest productivity was provided by crop rotation on the background of different depth chisel main tillage, which under the organomineral fertilizer system using after-harvest residues and green manure on the background of different doses of mineral fertilizers provided 8.06–9.10 t/ha of grain units. The use of green manure for fertilizer helped to increase crop rotation productivity with differentiated and shallow (12–14 cm) single-depth disc loosening by 6.5%, with different depth chisel — by 7.4, for zero — by 9.2%. Conclusions. On dark chestnut soil in the conditions of irrigation of the South of Ukraine, the highest productivity was provided by row crop rotation with different depths of shelfless main cultivation on the background of organomineral fertilizer system with N120P40 application and use for fertilizing of by-products of crop rotation and green manure.
Highlights
At the same time on livery soils, heavy and middle-loamy of grain-size distribution, that embrace greater part of the irrigated lands of south part of the Steppe area of Ukraine, the closeness of addition rises at the protracted application of the minimized and no-till systems of basic tillage, porosity and permeability to water go down to the critical limits which air is violated from, aquatic and nourishing modes of soils and the productivity of crop rotations [4-6]
A no-till system of basic tillage had a substantial influence on the closeness of addition
In a variant with the same dose of bringing of mineral fertilizers, but without the siderate indexes of closeness of addition were some higher and a difference between the differentiated and no-till system of basic tillage arrived at 6,7%
Summary
At the same time on livery soils, heavy and middle-loamy of grain-size distribution, that embrace greater part of the irrigated lands of south part of the Steppe area of Ukraine, the closeness of addition rises at the protracted application of the minimized and no-till systems of basic tillage, porosity and permeability to water go down to the critical limits which air is violated from, aquatic and nourishing modes of soils and the productivity of crop rotations [4-6]. Table of contents of mobile connections of phosphorus in the layer of soil a 0-40 cm on a siderate background in variants differentiated and different depth plowless systems of basic tillage was high with indexes [51,1] and [47,8] mg/kg of soil, and in the variant of shallow plowless and no-till their maintenance was at middle level and was [40,7] and 37 mg/kg of soil (Fig. 1)
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