Локализация морехозяйственной активности в современной России: особенности, структуры, эффекты

Abstract

The article highlights the sea factor and maritime economic activity to influence regional socio-economic development, as the issue is extremely topical for modern Russian socio-economic geography. It is shown that such influence has increased significantly since the middle of the XX century. The special attention is focused on identifying the features and spatial localization factors of maritime economy’s components in the Russian Federation. Such characteristics of the geography of the marine economy inherent in Russia as spatial asymmetry, gravitation to the border territories and water areas of the country, cross-border nature are highlighted. The study identifi the maritime economic specializations of the seaside regions and their carried out the corresponding typology (given the degree of infl of the«marine factor»). The article emphasizes the combination of spatial dispersal of marine activity (in such spheres as port economy, shipbuilding, hydrocarbon production) inherent in modern Russia (and initiated by Eurasian geopolitical and economic changes) with the remaining stable regional asymmetry in the localization and development of fi as well as in the tourism and recreational sphere. The article shows that the positive socio-economic effects of marine industries’ development are most pronounced in the regions and cities that perform the ‘frame’ functions in the system of geo-economic positioning of Russia, as well as in ensuring the ‘presence’ of the country in the World Ocean. These ‘frame’ regions are: St. Petersburg and Leningrad region, Krasnodar region, Primorsky region, Sakhalin region, etc.