Трансформація підходів поліцейського функціонування в руслі впровадження теорії розбитих вікон і моделі САРО

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the foreign experience of using in modern Ukrainian realities methods of effective crime prevention in the framework of the theory of broken windows and the SARO model (scanning, analysis, response and evaluation). Methodology. A set of general scientific and special-scientific methods of cognition is used, namely: terminological, system-structural, formal-logical, historical-legal, comparative-legal, social-legal, method of theoretical-legal analysis. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that for the first time in domestic criminology an attempt to transform approaches to policing in line with the implementation of the theory of broken windows and the SARO model in the context of cross-border cooperation and globalization, as well as outlined the spiritually valuable aspects of the practical implementation of the studied concepts. The scientific article examines the current problems of modern Ukrainian society and proposes measures for crime prevention and reducing in line with the implementation of the theory of broken windows and the SARO model. A general digression into the history of these concepts has been made, spiritually valuable aspects of the theory of broken windows are revealed, foreign experience of SARO model implementation is studied, and also revealed the specifics of their functioning in the context of cross-border cooperation and globalization. The author substantiates the need for practical implementation of the studied theoretical developments in domestic realities. Numerous scientific works are devoted to the study of the theory of broken windows; however, the situation remains disappointing: it has not been properly popularized and put into practice. There is a need to unite the efforts of all public authorities, civil society institutions and the entire social community in order to consolidate cooperation for further promotion of this area of research. From the standpoint of the practical implementation of the theory of broken windows would be quite effective action «Put order near your home». You can announce a competition, annually encouraging concerned citizens, entrepreneurs to make our cities tidier, more attractive for visitors. No wonder they say: tidy is not where they clean, but where they do not litter, because everything starts with cleanliness. At the same time, the police and the public must take a principled stand in these processes. In the institutional hierarchy of all criminological theories and concepts, the SARO model is promising for implementation. Canadian experience in its practical application has shown the successful overcoming of poverty, unemployment, drug addiction, domestic violence, suicidal ideation, corruption, high crime rates, and public distrust. The implementation of the SARO model in Ukrainian realities is an important step in the reform of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the direction of crime prevention. Conclusions. According to the theory of broken windows, the rate of deterioration of the criminogenic situation directly depends on the number of minor offenses. The theory clearly demonstrates how the smallest details affect great successes, achievements and victories. It is aimed at eradicating and fighting with evil. It turns out that littered streets, polluted environment, run-down houses, painted walls are the cause of many offenses and negative consequences in society. The theory of broken windows is not only external purity, but first of all – internal, which is the key to harmony, well-being, and usual moral and psychological climate in the team, the state. In addition, this theory is a promising factor in crime prevention. For example, when the investigator inspects the scene of a crime, he pays attention to the smallest details and subtleties. Therefore, the studied theory can be developed on a much broader scale, considering it in terms of spiritual and value component: purity of thoughts, the ability to respect human as the highest social value. Thus, the social aspects of the theory of broken windows and the model of SARO in relation to their implementation are boundless. In close cooperation between states, public authorities and the community, investment projects are of great importance on the way to cleanliness in cities, crime and optimizing the functioning of the police. As part of the practical implementation of the theory of broken windows and the SARO model, it is proposed to start writing joint research. We believe that these criminological developments need special popularization in order for further their practical implementation in each region of our state. This year MDNP in Ivano-Frankivsk region proposed to include in the Plan of research and development work of the National Academy of Internal Affairs for 2021 research: Criminological theory of broken windows and the model of interaction between the police and the SARO community (scanning, analysis, response and evaluation) in crime prevention, which will enhance scientific work on writing theoretical and methodological works, as well as preparing conclusions and recommendations for practical implementation of experience in domestic realities. Keywords: theory of broken windows; SARO model; police functioning; public authorities; spiritual and value component.