Проблема привлечения несовершеннолетних к восстановлению народного хозяйства СССР в первые послевоенные годы (на материалах Донбасса)

Abstract

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the problem of attracting minors to the restoration of the national economy of the USSR in the first post–war years (based on the material of the Ukrainian SSR). The article examines the main forms and methods of involving children and adolescents in the rehabilitation process, analyzes the material, household and regulatory support for the work of young workers. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that for the first time, based on the material of the Ukrainian SSR, a complex of historical sources and scientific literature is analyzed and systematized in order to highlight the problem of attracting minors to the restoration of the national economy of the USSR in the first post-war years. As a result of the study, it was found that the large losses of the population following the Great Patriotic War and the need to implement state plans led to such a policy of the Soviet leadership, which was aimed at increasing the quantitative indicators of the attracted workforce, designed to restore the industrial potential of the state. Therefore, minors have become one of the most important labor reserves in the process of restoring the national economy. This program was implemented in two directions: in educational institutions of labor reserves and short-term training of underage workers directly at work. Despite the clear regulatory and legal regulation of the issue of attracting minors to work, this process often occurred with significant violations.