Abstract
The paper considers information on the determinants of the viability of yeast cultures cultivated in the form of gi-ant colonies on solid agar under various conditions of ethanol stress. Yeast strains tends to show higher viability along with slow growth. The effect of various concentrations of ethanol (6, 12, 18 %), glucose (20 %) on the morpho-physiological properties of the yeast S. cerevisiae Y-503, S. cerevisiae DAW-3a and S. oviformis M-12X is revealed. It has been determined that Y-503 and DAW-3a are most resistant to ethanol and osmotic stress. The antagonistic inter-action of several stressors most clearly affected the tolerance of the strains to all positions with “ethanol + glucose”. Phenotypic studies have found that the strains survival strategy in adverse conditions in the form of resistance to potassium tellurite inhibitor (K2TeO3) in Y-503, to a greater extent in M-12X. A need for DAW-3a for inositol, ornithine, and lysine was detected; M-12X – sorbitol, inositol. The strains are unsusceptible to synthetic broad-spectrum antimycotics - ketoconazole and fluconazole. However, antibiotic nystatin inhibited their growth, and a high sensitivity of strain M-12X was noted to a greater extent. A comparative analysis of the morphophysiological parameters of cells and giant colonies of the studied strains determined the advantage of polyploid Y-503 in survival and tolerance to the effects of various types of stress. The results can be applied in scientific research and biotechnology for various purposes, based on the use of stress-resistant S. cerevisiae yeast.
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