Осетинские глаголы perfectiva tantum: влияние универсальных и идиоэтнических акциональных смыслов (в сопоставлении с русским языком) (Часть вторая)

Abstract

The article describes that part of the Ossetian verbal lexicon, the aspectual inconsistency of which, namely its single aspectual character (perfectiva tantum), is explained by the presence in the semantics of these verbs of idioethnic actional meanings in combination with certain universal actional meanings. The analysis of the Ossetian linguistic facts in comparison with their functionally translated Russian counterparts is a continuation of the study, the results of which were presented in the Bulletin of the NOSU [10, pp. 169-181]. Determining the boundaries of the sphere of use of verbs of only the perfect form is undoubtedly important in the study of the functional-semantic field (FSF) of the aspectuality of the modern Ossetian language, since it allows you to determine the connection between the modes of action of the Ossetian verb and the aspect category, or rather, to establish the boundaries of the action of the perfect form and imperfect form. The results presented in the article indicate that the perfect aspect in the Ossetian language has a much wider area of action than the imperfect aspect. There is a typologically similar picture in the Russian language, but the factors that result in the uneven size of the spheres of use of prefixed perfect forms and prefixed imperfect forms in the compared languages are different. At the same time, the zone of the Russian imperfect form is much wider than the zone of functioning of the Ossetian imperfect form, expressed only by prefixed formations with the infix -tsæy-, and the zone of the prefixed verbs perfectiva tantum in the Ossetian language is more voluminous, as it seems to us, than in Russian, since the single-species nature of this group of Ossetian verbs are influenced by a greater number of aspectual-actional factors than in modern Russian.