Вплив іонів Cu (II) на легеневе й поверхневе дихання аловидів Planorbarius corneus s. l. (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata) гідромережі України

Abstract

One of the urgent problems of modern hydroecology is an increasing pollution of Earth hydrosphere by heavy metal ions. The necessity of this problem’s solution within Ukrainian river network is caused by the recent intensification of polluting of its surface waters by these pollutants. That is why the identification the species-indicators for level of pollution by Cu (II) ions in nature water bodies among the most widespread and numerous Ukrainian mollusks is an expedient task. We aimed at question: whether or not the great ramshorn, the only representative of genus Planorbarius Dumeril, 1806 in Northern hemisphere, can be assigned to such a category? For this purpose, we establishedof the influence of Cu (II) ions within the concentrations of 0.5 MPC to 3 MPC were studied on the indicators of lung and direct surface diffusive respirations of the “western” and “eastern” genetic vicaristic allospecies of great ramshorn Planorbarius corneus s. l. in the hydrological river network of Ukraine. These mollusсs, like all Pulmonata, have a bimodal respiration pattern. They use their true lungs for atmospheric oxygen breathing and the diffusive (surface) respiration is used for soluble in the water oxygen consumption. The aim of present study was to clarify the features and difference levels of lung and surface diffusive respiration of “western” and “eastern” allospecies under the impact of Cu (II) ions in water environment (MPC: 0,5, 1, 2, 3). It was established that the endurance coefficient for concentrations Cu (II) in water environment appeared lower in “eastern” allospecies to those in “western” allospecies. Under the same concentrations of toxicants used the lethality of “eastern” allospecies was higher than that of “western” allospecies in all cases. The indexec of lung and direct diffusive respiration in the allospecies of great ramshorn P. corneus s. l. under the impact of the Cu (II) ions concentration in water environment demonstrated that “eastern” allospecies tends to regress under the increased environmental pollution more comparing to “western” allospecies (р≤0,05–0,001).