Возбудитель фурункулёза Aeromonas salmonicida у тихоокеанских лососей Камчатки

Abstract

This paper summarizes several years of data from bacteriological research on the isolation and identification of Aeromonas salmonicida from Pacific salmon in Kamchatka. The pathogen was isolated from fish from every river and lake that was investigated in Kamchatka, the majority of which were spawning lakes. The distribution of the pathogen in fish populations was less 17%. Bacteria A. salmonicida were more often detected in mature salmon, including broodstocks at hatcheries. The pathogen was isolated from sockeye salmon, chum salmon, and coho salmon, recording a mostly asymptomatic carriage. The etiological agent of furunculosis was not recorded in chinook salmon. Most of the isolated bacteria showed weak or medium virulent properties, based on the presence of the DNase enzyme. The low temperature of Kamchatka salmon aquaculture probably is the main limiting factor for the outbreak of acute furunculosis in juveniles at hatcheries. A sluggish disease without clinical signs and with a relatively low mortality rate may develop if a highly virulent A. salmonicida enters to the hatchery.