Потенциальные возможности 3D-печати для получения композиционных материалов на основе синтетических и природных биополимеров (обзор)

Abstract

A review is presented on the modern method of 3D printing of various composites based on synthetic and natural biopolymers with the inclusion of wood raw materials. Some features of scientific and technological approaches to the formation of a specific product using abstract computer modeling are described. A classification and review of the most common and promising 3D printing technologies using degraded raw materials with the inclusion of wood processing products is given. It is shown that using 3D printing, it is very promising to obtain «artificial wood», which is a mixture of a wood base with an inert polymer binder, which can be either based on synthetic polymers or based on natural biomatrix obtained from ecologically safe constituents of herbal raw materials. It is indicated that an important aspect of the problem of obtaining modern biocomposites is the dispersion of the materials used, which affects the entire complex of physical and mechanical properties of the product. The areas of application of the materials used are given. Trends in the development of 3D printing technology with the use of polymer binders based on natural and synthetic polymers are analyzed and the prospects of using natural biopolymers based on plant raw materials for the production of goods and materials necessary for humans as environmentally friendly products are shown. It is concluded that an impending explosive growth in the production and use of 3D composite materials based on natural and synthetic polymers with the inclusion of cheap wood components in the context of a significant reduction in production costs and the rapid production of the required products with low cost of products in the implementation of a highly efficient method 3D printing.