Автономная диабетическая нейропатия

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is widespread in Russia, which has caused an increase in the frequency of complications in this nosology, including diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DАN). DАN determines an increase in mortality and a decrease in life expectancy. The purpose — to study the clinical manifestations of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Results. In DAN, a lesion of various organ systems is observed. Manifestations of DAN are usually preceded by the development of typical signs of distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy. In some patients, manifestations of damage to the autonomic nervous system may prevail over damage to somatic sensory and motor nerve fibers. It should be borne in mind that in more than half of cases, DAN is accompanied by a fatal outcome with a duration of DM of more than 10 years. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), which determines life expectancy in DM, is most often studied in the modern Russian and foreign medical science. The studies of other DAN manifestations are presented with much less frequency. DAN is accompanied by damage to all parts of the autonomic nervous system and determines an increase in mortality in patients with DM, which requires early detection of signs of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Conclusion. Thus, DAN can cause an increase in mortality, a persistent decrease in working capacity in patients with DM, which requires general practitioners to be aware of the features of clinical signs of this nosology.