일본사회와 전통유희의 문화정책

Abstract

This research aims to identify social transformation and cultural policies regarding traditional play in the Japanese society.BR The civilization and enlightenment policy of the Meiji government was westernization. The government politically cracked down on the people’s recreational habit of gambling, which encouraged diminishment of traditional play. Meanwhile, the authority focused on fostering strong soldiers by promoting western sports.BR As imperialism rose and the people’s interest in traditional culture deepened, the Japanese emperor engaged in himself and reproduced traditional play by establishing Kemari Preservation Society. BR Moreover, martial activities were modernized: Jujitsu to Judo, fencing to kendo, and archery to kungdo(archery). Traditional tug-of-war was designated as a major program in school sports days. BR While Japanese culture was on a fast track towards westernization, modern sports began to gain interest as a new leisure activity. Nonetheless, the Matsuri festival was preserved and reproduced regionally with the theme of traditional play for almost 10 years since the 1950s.BR As the Japanese people’s desire for leisure prevailed thanks to the economic revival, the government worked on developing leisure activities as a part of its cultural policies. One example was supporting the local Matsuri festival; it promoted the cultural policy that concentrated on forming solidarity among residents.