БИОМОНИТОРИНГ НЕФТЕЗАГРЯЗНЕННЫХ ПОЧВ

Abstract

One of the main problems of environmental protection at the present stage is the contamination of soil by oil and products of its processing. Oil and petroleum products are dangerous and the most common environmental pollutants. Oil pipelines refer to linearly extended objects, for which an emergency situation is quite typical and widespread. The impact of such objects on the natural environment is usually integral. The problem of remediation of soils contaminated with oil and its processing products is one of the first places. The study of the properties of the soil contaminated with oil and oil products acquires practical and scientific significance at the level of the Chechen Republic. The purpose of the research is to study the possibility of using test plants as indicators of soil pollution by oil and its products, a comparative assessment of various test plants in specific soil and climatic conditions. Materials and methods: theoretical - analysis of literature on the problem of oil pollution, laboratory. The main place in the work is occupied by modeling experience. The study was carried out on the territory of the city of Grozny, with a predominance of leached chernozems. In an urban environment, in the process of burning fuels, sulfur and nitrogen oxides are formed in large quantities, which in the course of chemical reactions form sulfurous, nitric and nitrous acids. The toxicity of urban soils, which is explained by the content of xenobiotics in them, in the experiments evaluating the total phytotoxicity was expressed by inhibition of the growth of the aboveground part of the test plants. It has been determined that it is most expedient to use winter rye and parsley as test plants.