Abstract
The subject of the investigation is the structure of the national semantic gestalt. The main theme is the transformation of linguistic consciousness in bilinguialism. The purpose of the article is to reveal the universal and national-specific components of the associative field heshhel ‘conscience’ in Buryat linguoculture through analysis of semantic gestalt. The analysis is based on the results of the associative experiment conducted on Buryat and Russian languages among Buryat bilinguals and the comparison with data in the “Russian Associative Dictionary”. It was revealed that the representatives of the Buryat linguistic culture are characterized by the actualization of the moral and ethical essence of man. For Russian speakers it is more typical to verbalize this concept thanks to the words “morality” and “honesty”. The content of the Russian-language gestalt of Buryat-bilinguals is closer to the content of the gestalt in the native language; in particular, a group of negative reactions and experiences less represents them. Practical significance of such investigations consists in the development of generalization of ethno-sociolingocultural and psycholinguistic nature, important for the analysis of spiritual national cultures. The given investigation using the linguocognitive approach is important for studying mental characteristics of bilinguals.
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