Abstract
Globally, decreasing arable land, insufficient food supply, and rapid urbanization have intensified the contradiction between small urban farmlands and inadequate crop production. To address this, the study explores vertical crop cultivation in urban buildings using smart farm models. Employing literature review, inductive reasoning, analytical methods, and case studies, the paper determines smart farm spatial compositions and technical elements, analyzes spatial layouts, and examines Aero Farms in the USA and Spread in Japan. Smart farms include crop production, energy, and auxiliary spaces. Crop production spaces meet growth requirements, energy spaces reprocess waste for irrigation, and auxiliary spaces use smart technology to regulate the environment. Urban smart farms can alleviate food stress, using crop production technology, waste treatment, and renewable energy. This study promotes urban vertical planting and a new agricultural revolution.
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