Abstract
Amphiphilic molecules conform nanometer-scale structures by adsorbing at oil and water interfaces or aggregating in water. The origins of forming such the structures are interesting issues to be solved not only for the field of soft-matter physics but also for neighbouring fields. In this viewpoint, the pressure-induced phase transitions of microemulsion systems composed of amphiphilic molecules, water and oil were investigated by means of small-angle neutron scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and neutron spin echo spectroscopy. The result shows that pressure mainly affects the interactions among hydrocarbon chains of amphiphilic molecules and/or between chains and surrounding oil molecules. This tendency is confirmed both in the cases of the ionic surfactant and of the non-ionic surfactant.
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