Анализ технологий укладки труб

Abstract

More than 50 % of pipelines in the Russian Federation require replacement or reconstruction, as they were laid/run/constructed in the Soviet period. At the present time the urgent problem is the choice of optimum work execution technology. The choice of method depends on many factors: the length of the pipeline, soil properties, availability of other communications and, finally, the budget which is available to the customers. The time is the last determining factor. The most common method of laying pipelines is trench method, that brings a modern city and its residents significant inconvenience. Despite the fact that it is the cheapest of the existing methods, in conjunction with the restoration of the roadway, green space and other related factors, the cost of the work cycle becomes significant. On the other hand, a large number of modern methods are developed that have many advantages in comparison with classical technology, but they are more expensive. Therefore, when choosing the technology of laying and rehabilitation of pipelines it is necessary to make technical and economic comparison of variants with all the features of the object. The purpose of this study is the analysis of trench and trenchless technologies of pipe laying. To achieve the goal following problems were solved: an analytical review of technologies for pipe-laying with the identification of the main technological parameters, application area of both advantages and disadvantages of each technology presented. There are more than 10 ways of laying pipelines, some of them are innovative, some are outdated. In the list of the considered methods the pipeline the trench, puncture, hydropuncture, driving, horizontal directional drilling, microtunnelling, as well as the combined method was included.