ВИДОВА СТРУКТУРА СПОРТИВНОГО ТУРИЗМУ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze approaches to the classification of sports tourism and the need to systematize types of sports tourism as a global, geospatial phenomenon. Methods. The research was conducted in stages. At the initial stage, the problem statement was carried out. The next stage concerned the accumulation of scientific information on the problem of methodological approaches to the systematization (classification, typology) of tourism in general and sports tourism in particular at the global level. Further, information was processed using the following methods: analysis, synthesis, correlation, scientific systematization, comparative-geographical, statistical. Then, the systematization of the processed information and scientific substantiation of the research results took place. Results. As a result of the research, it was determined that a type of sports tourism should be considered the selection of tourist and sports events (tourist hikes, competitions) according to idiosyncratic way of movement or other determining conditions of their realization (natural environment), which are carried out in accordance with the approved rules of their conduct. The analysis of the types of sports tourism proved that they are distinguished by two features – the way of traveling and the geographical environment in which these trips are carried into practice. To date, tourist and sports activities are classified from the following types of tourism: hiking, skiing, mountain, water, bicycle, car, motorcycle, speleological, sailing, and also represent their combinations (combined tourism). This does not mean that other, not yet traditional, types of active movement on tourist routes cannot be used. For the specified 10 types of sports tourism, 62 subspecies and 43 subsubspecies are defined. The systematization of the component structure of the sports tourism system in the world proves that this system is one that is actively being formed. It is extremely dynamic and capable of developing the most diverse areas of active recreational and tourist activity. At the same time, a variety of specific sports, recreational and tourist resources are engaged. The scientific newness consists in the systematization of the component structure of the sports tourism system at the global level. Practical significance. Systematization will assist official tourism and sports organizations of the national and world level and scientists to structure information about problems in the development of certain types of tourism. The results of the research will contribute to increasing the efficiency of tourism and sports activities management.