汉语介词“根据”与韩国语体补动词“근거하다”

Abstract

Chinese preposition 'Gen ju' are the nuclear element of '근거하다', and its prepositional usage is gradually fixed in the process of introducing Chinese preposition 'Gen ju'. There are two states in the Korean language: one is a directly recorded Chinese character word, which preserves the semantic function of Chinese 'Gen ju' intact, and the other is the 'Gen ju' assimilated by Korean, that is, adding the omnipotent verb 'DO' formed '근거하다' after '근거'. This paper takes the Chinese preposition 'Gen ju' and the Korean postposition '근거하다' as the research objects, aiming at investigating the grammaticalization process and their similarities and differences in syntax, semantics and degree of grammaticalization. From the semantic aspect, '근거하다' and 'Gen ju' show a similar semantic evolutionary path. On the syntactic level, they are mainly served as adverbial, which is an important condition for the transformation from verbs to functional words in grammarticalization. In terms of the degree of grammaticalization, the preposition of chinese 'Gen ju' gradually stabilized during the period of the Republic of China, and gained popularity in frequency. It has become a common preposition in modern chinese. The korean '근거하다' is a grammaticalized dependent verbs used after substantives, but it fails to become a typical dependent verbs used after substantives and is still in the process of grammaticalization.