大埜 柳健休『東儒四書解集評』 ｢孟子｣ <仁義禮智> 章 註釋의 특징 分析

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of Lee Sang-jeong(大山 李象靖, 1711~1781)'s theory of the four-seven(四端七情) in the annotate on Ryu Geon-hyu(大埜 柳健休, 1768~1834)'s <benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom> ｢Mencius｣ 󰡔DongyuSaseohaejippyeong(東儒四書解集評)󰡕. ｢Mencius｣ is the sixth volume of 󰡔DongyuSaseohaejippyeong󰡕. 󰡔DongyuSaseohaejippyeong󰡕 is the first commentary in the history of Confucianism in Joseon consisting only of Dongyu's theories. In addition, the 󰡔Dongyu Mencius Jippyeong󰡕 shows the understanding of the Toegye School's Mencius. The annotations on ‘The Theory of the four-seven(四端七情)’ in 󰡔Dongyu Mencius Jippyeong󰡕 <benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom> account for 40% of the total. There was a deliberate aspect in the composition of the book. Ryu Geon-hyu selected and annotated Lee Sang-jeong's theories.
 The characteristics of the annotation content are as follows: First, Ryu Geon-hyu used Lee Sang-jeong's ‘four-seven theory’ as his context.
 Second, Lee Sang-jeong's theory contains the relaxation of the Toegye school's universal theory and perception. The universal theory is what Lee Sang-jeong said in Volume 40 of the 󰡔大山集󰡕. Yulgok said, “The four(四端) spoke only of Li, and seven(七情) spoke together of Li(理) and Gi(氣). There are no two jeong(情)s.” Lee Sang-jeong said that Yulgok's words were correct. Toegye also said that there were many things that he said in this sense. He also said, “Each person has their own point of view, so their words are different.” He argued that we must look at universal theories and fundamentals that go beyond schools of thought.
 Third, Ryu Geon-hyu commented on ‘honyoon(渾淪)’ and ‘distribution(分配)’. Among Lee Sang-jeong’s four-seven division theories, the ‘理主氣資說 theory’ is famous. However, Ryu Geon-Hyu did not use it as an annotation. This paper considered that the reason for this was that the ‘理主氣資說theory’ was the same as Yulgok's theory.
 Ryu Geon-hyu's purpose was to organize Toegye's theories and reveal Lee Sang-jeong's scholarship. Lee Hyun-il in the 17th century strongly criticized the Yulgok school, while Lee Sang-jeong in the 18th century was a universal position between the Yulgok school and the Toegye school. It can be said that Ryu Geon-hyu's purpose was to organize the theories of the Toegye School through Lee Sang-jeong's commentary, rather than focusing on disputes between schools.
 This can be said to be a reflection of the Mencius ideology of the Toegye School in the late Joseon Dynasty.