하워드-돌먼 입체검사를 이용한 20대 성인의 동적 입체시 평가

Abstract

목적: 본 연구에서는 하워드-돌먼 입체검사(Howard-Dolman test, HDTEST, Bernell, U.S.A)를 이용하여 20대 성인의 동적 입체시를 측정하여 남녀 간의 동적 입체시를 비교하고, 동공 간거리(PD; pupillary distance)와 좌우안의 구면굴절력의 차이로 인한 굴절부등과 동적 입체시의 상관관계를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 평균연령이 <TEX>$22.68{\pm}0.50$</TEX>(20~29)세인 20대 성인 63명(남자 30명, 여자 33명)을 대상으로 실험을 실시하였다. 굴절이상자는 완전교정을 한 후에 Howard-Dolman test(H-D Test)를 이용하여 2.5 m 검사거리에서 동적 입체시를 각각 5회 측정하였다. 결과: 전체 대상자의 동적 입체시의 평균은 <TEX>$28.44{\pm}25.03$</TEX>초였고, 이들 중 남자는 <TEX>$28.23{\pm}23.34$</TEX>초, 여자는 <TEX>$28.63{\pm}26.83$</TEX>초였다. PD 범위를 기준으로 한 동적 입체시에 있어서 PD가 59.80 mm이하 범위에서는 <TEX>$33.87{\pm}18.53$</TEX>초, 59.81~66.15 mm의 범위에서는 <TEX>$26.24{\pm}25.26$</TEX>초, 66.15 mm를 초과하는 범위에서는 <TEX>$34.60{\pm}25.65$</TEX>초로 나타났고, 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다(P=0.73, r=0.03). 굴절부등의 차이를 기준으로 할 때 동적 입체시는 굴절부등이 1 D미만인 경우 <TEX>$26.81{\pm}24.86$</TEX>초, 1 D이상인 경우는 <TEX>$1.45{\pm}24.18$</TEX>초였고 유의한 차이는 없었다(P=0.15, r=0.15). 결론: H-D test를 이용해 20대 성인의 동적 입체시를 평가해 보았을 때, 남녀 간에 큰 차이가 없고, PD와 굴절부등은 동적 입체시에 큰 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. Purpose: In this study, dynamic stereoacuity of 20s' adults were measured by using the Howard-Dolman test(H-D TEST, Bernell, U.S.A), and compared of male and female. And the correlation between dynamic stereoacuity and PD(pupillary distance), and between dynamic stereoacuity and anisometropia caused by difference in the spherical refractive power of the left and right eyes were analyzed. Methods: The mean age of <TEX>$22.68{\pm}0.50$</TEX>(20~29)years old, 20s' 63 adults (30 male, 33 female) were conducted for this experiments. After the full correction of subject's refractive error, dynamic stereoacuity was measured 5 times for 1 subject at 2.5 m distance using the H-D test. at 2.5 distance. Results: The mean of dynamic stereoacuity was <TEX>$28.44{\pm}25.03$</TEX> sec of arc for total subjects, <TEX>$28.23{\pm}23.34$</TEX> sec of arc for male, and <TEX>$28.63{\pm}26.83$</TEX> sec of arc for female. In the dynamic stereoacuity classified by the range of inter-pupil distance (IPD), the dynamic stereoacuity was <TEX>$33.87{\pm}18.53$</TEX> sec for the IPD being under 59.80 mm, <TEX>$26.24{\pm}25.26$</TEX> sec of arc for 59.81~66.15 mm, <TEX>$34.60{\pm}25.65$</TEX> sec of arc for over 66.15 mm. However, there were no significant differences between 3 groups (P=0.73, r=0.03). In dynamic stereoacuity classified by the refractive error difference between two eyes, dynamic stereoacuity was <TEX>$26.81{\pm}24.86$</TEX> sec of arc for the under 1 D, <TEX>$41.45{\pm}24.18$</TEX> sec of arc for over 1 D, and there was no significant difference between two groups (P=0.15, r=0.15). Conclusions: Dynamic stereacuity by the H-D test in 20s adults showed that there was no significant differences between male and female, and PD and anisometropia did not have a significant impact upon the dynamic stereoacuity.