동적시력(KVA)과 동적 입체시의 비교 평가

Abstract

목적: 본 연구는 동적시력(kinetic visual acuity, KVA)과 동적 입체시(dynamic visual acuity)를 측정하여 그 상관성과 양안의 굴절부등이 KVA, 동적 입체시와 상관성이 있는지를 조사하였다. 방법: 성인 남녀 63명(남30, 여33)을 대상으로 굴절이상자는 완전교정 후 KVA 측정장치(KOWA AS-4A)와 Howard-Dolman Test(하워드-돌먼 입체검사, H-D Test)를 2.5 m 검사거리로 하여 KVA와 동적 입체시를 각각 측정하였다. 결과: KVA는 전체 평균 <TEX>$0.49{\pm}0.25$</TEX>, 남자 <TEX>$0.58{\pm}0.26$</TEX>, 여자 <TEX>$0.40{\pm}0.22$</TEX>이였고, LogMAD(Log minimum angle of displacement)동적 입체시는 전체 평균 <TEX>$1.27{\pm}0.44$</TEX>(<TEX>$28.44{\pm}25.03$</TEX>초), 남자 <TEX>$1.28{\pm}0.44$</TEX>(<TEX>$28.23{\pm}23.34$</TEX>초), 여자 <TEX>$1.27{\pm}0.45$</TEX>(<TEX>$28.63{\pm}26.83$</TEX>초)로 KVA는 남녀 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으나(p=0.00) 동적 입체시는 유의한 차이가 없었고(p=0.97), KVA와 동적 입체시 사이의 상관성은 크지 않았다(r=0.03). KVA를 크기에 따라 Low, Middle, High로 구분하였을 때 세 그룹간의 동적 입체시도 유의한 차이는 없었다(p=0.99). 양안의 굴절부등의 양을 1 D미만과 1 D이상 두 그룹으로 구분하였을 때 KVA와 동적 입체시는 각각 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고(p=0.11, p=0.09), 굴절부등과 KVA(r=0.33), 동적 입체시 (r=0.18)의 각각 상관성도 크지는 않았으나 동적 입체시보다 KVA가 굴절부등과 상관성이 좀 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 성인 남녀의 KVA는 남녀 간에 유의한 차이를 보였고, 남자가 여자보다 KVA가 더 높았으며, KVA의 크기에 따른 동적 입체시, 굴절부등에 따른 KVA와 동적 입체시는 각각 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고 상관성도 크지 않았다. Purpose: On this study, we investigated the relationship between the kinetic visual acuity (KVA) and the dynamic stereoacuity and the effects of anisometropia with measuring KVA and the dynamic stereoacuity. Methods: For 63 adults (male 30, female 33), KVA and the dynamic stereoacuity were measured by using the kinetic visual acuity tester (KOWA AS-4A) and the Howard-Dolman test (H-D test) at distance 2.5 m after conducted full correction of subjects' refractive error respectly. Results: The means of KVA were <TEX>$0.49{\pm}0.25$</TEX> for total subjects, <TEX>$0.58{\pm}0.26$</TEX> for male, <TEX>$0.40{\pm}0.22$</TEX> for female, and LogMAD (Log minimum angle of displacement) dynamic stereoacuities were <TEX>$1.27{\pm}0.44$</TEX>(<TEX>$28.44{\pm}25.03sec$</TEX> of arc) for total subjects, <TEX>$1.28{\pm}0.44$</TEX>(<TEX>$28.23{\pm}23.34sec$</TEX> of arc) for male, <TEX>$1.27{\pm}0.45$</TEX>(<TEX>$28.63{\pm}26.83sec$</TEX> of arc) for female. KVA showed a statistically significant difference between male and female (p=0.00), but dynamic stereoacuity was no significant difference (p=0.97). No significant correlation was present between KVA and dynamic stereoacuity (r=0.03). Also there were no significant differences in the dynamic stereoacuity of the three group which were classified according to the low, middle, high range of KVA (p=0.99). The anisometropia were less than 1 D and over 1 D when divided into two groups, KVA and dynamic stereoacuity showed no significant difference between each (p=0.11, p=0.99). There was no significant correlation between anisometropia and KVA (r=0.33), dynamic stereoacuity (r=0.18) but the correlation between KVA and anisometropia revealed more higer than between dynamic stereoacuity and anisometropia. Conculsions: The KVA for adults showed a significant difference between male and female and male was higher than female for KVA. The dynamic stereoacuity due to the KVA, the KVA and dynamic stereoacuity due to anisometropia were not significant differences between each and also were not great correlations.