Производство ржи в странах Европы

Abstract

Grain crops occupy a special place in agricultural production, which is due to their importance for humans. With population growth, the role of grain crops will only increase. In this regard, the problem of statistical assessment of production is still relevant. Knowing the production volumes and the factors influencing them, you can plan production and consumption. The object of the study was rye production in European countries. Rye is one of the most important agricultural crops. Cultivated much later than barley and wheat, it is of great importance for humans. It is used not only for grain production, but also as a fodder crop. The main research methods were static methods. Dynamics and structure indicators were calculated. A factor analysis of rye production in Eastern European countries was carried out. After analyzing statistical data for sixty years of observations and collecting data on the production of this crop in Eastern and Western Europe for the period from 1993 to 2021, we came to the following main conclusions. During the analyzed period, we note a decrease in the production of this crop. This reduction is caused precisely by a decrease in acreage, and not by a change in yield, the growth of which we are seeing. This suggests that production in European countries, where the main acreage of this crop is concentrated, is extensive. We associate the reduction in the acreage of this crop with the expansion of areas under wheat and triticale. Rye is being replaced in crop rotations. If the tendency to reduce the acreage of rye persists, then in the future this crop may completely disappear in Europe. The introduction of high-yielding sorts, the use of advanced techniques and production technologies can prevent this.