ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ УСТАНОВКИ ГОРОДСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ДАГЕСТАНА

Abstract

The national (native) language is a key identifier of ethnic self-identification and its state to a certain extent determines the state of the interethnic sphere: infringement of the national language is usually accompanied by a deterioration of the interethnic climate, the formation of the principles of intolerance, hostility and aggression in the public consciousness. In this regard, the study of linguistic behavior seems to be an urgent task against the background of the ongoing complex and contradictory ethno-linguistic processes in modern Russian society. The aim of the study is to identify the factors influencing the language behavior of the urban population of Dagestan. Based on the results of an empirical study, it is concluded that the Russian language prevails as the language of interethnic communication in all social spheres of modern Dagestan society. This circumstance is quite natural, for Dagestan is a multilingual region, in which there is an objective need for the language of interethnic communication. While the importance of the Russian language is high, there is a decrease in the weight of the national languages of the peoples of Dagestan, moreover, printed publications in Russian (books, magazines, newspapers, electronic resource), as well as social networks are the main source of information for the surveyed urban population of the republic. Verification of the survey results shows that many factors have a destructive effect on linguistic processes, including the processes of urbanization and modernization leveling the ethnocultural specifics, the absence of the Law "On the languages of the peoples of Dagestan", naturally contributing to the transformation of linguistic consciousness and the resulting linguistic behavior of the urban population of the republic.