Экономический рост и политика декарбонизации

Abstract

The article examines the issue of inhibition of economic growth by environmental investments within the framework of the decarbonization policy, which takes on the importance of an international institution by virtue of the relevant agreements signed by a number of countries. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the decarbonization policy, considered as a brake on economic growth, on the contrary, as a necessary condition and even a driving factor, taking into account other important measures that affect the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. The methodology is made by the theory of growth, methods of economic regulation of the level of pollution, comparative analysis. The study shows the three main types of decarbonization policies that are required, and that it is a one-sided approach to reduce pollution reduction policies to them. Systemic solutions are required, including the activation of neutralizing and natural or natural decarbonization, implemented on the scale of the global economy. In addition, the need to change the accounting, measurement and model practice of representing the relationship between economic growth and the level of pollution has been substantiated. The overall result is an estimate of Russia's GDP growth commensurate with the growth of pollution, an empirical substantiation of the absence of a growth retardation effect, taking into account the impact on emissions from forestry and land use. It is shown that investments in the creation of funds for solving environmental problems are a driving factor not only in reducing pollution, but also in economic growth, since they are aimed at creating new equipment and technologies embodied in special means of production. Research perspective in assessing a technological transition that does not hinder economic growth, but provides positive economic dynamics over a long period of time. The choice of a decarbonization policy, which assumes the systemic inclusion of all its types, as well as accounting for adaptation, must be carried out not only in terms of the speed of implementation, but also due to the endogenization of the decarbonization policy as a factor in a new growth model.