ПРОДОВОЛЬЧА БЕЗПЕКА: ОЦІНКА СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ

Abstract

The article discusses the essence of food security and indicators of food security assessment at the global level. Food security is the basis of national security of any state and is a leading component of its economic security and national sovereignty. For Ukraine, in the conditions of war, food security is one of the main conditions for preserving the independence of the state. The assessment of the current state of global food security was carried out using the Global Food Security Index. This universal index is a dynamic quantitative-qualitative model that provides in-depth analysis in different countries of the world. All the qualitative and quantitative factors of food security, with the help of which the universal global index is calculated, can be classified into four groups. Each group has its own value and evaluation indicators. The information of international rating agencies and organizations on the problems of identifying, assessing and forecasting threats in the food sector for 2022 has been systematized and analyzed. A number of factors that have influenced the decline in the overall food security situation both globally and in Ukraine have been identified. Analysis of the current state of food security in Ukraine showed that the decrease in the index occurred due to the deterioration of indicators of three groups, in particular: "Affordability", "Availability", "Natural Resources and Resilience". The indicators of the "Quality and Safety" group showed high results and restrained the overall decline of the Global Food Security Index -2022. The countries that have a threatening situation, are in the last places in the ranking and need food aid from the world community have been identified. The countries that have a high level of food security, are leaders in the rating and can take an active part in international processes of ensuring food security of mankind have been determined. It was noted that the food policy of each state plays an important role in ensuring global food security. Countries where significant attention is paid to issues of food security state management on a global scale are leading the rating. Countries with a passive state food policy are at the bottom. It was concluded that the identification of the country's food security rating will contribute to solving the global food problem.