Плацентометрия в прогнозировании ранней преэклампсии

Abstract

Study Objective: To identify predictors of early preeclampsia (PE) according to placentometry results, when an ultrasound screening is performed at week 19–21 of pregnancy in women with low risk of PE. Study Design: Case–control study (paired comparison method). Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 80 pregnant women. The study group included 40 patients with early PE, delivery time: week 28–32 of pregnancy. Controls were 40 women who delivered term infants without any signs of hypotrophy. We analysed ultrasound findings at week 19–21 of pregnancy in order to calculate the placental ratio score (PRi). Study Results. Median PRi in controls was 6.68, i.e., significantly lower than in the study group (7.65 (р < 0.0001)). We calculated the threshold value of PRi which allows forecasting early PE in the low-risk group: PRi of ≥ 7 makes it possible to forecast early PE in 91.3% of cases, with the sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 87.5%. Conclusion. Placentometry at week 19–21 of pregnancy with PRi calculation, where the length (diameter) of placenta is 120–167 mm, allows forecasting early PE in low-risk patients and timely stratifying pregnant women for additional examinations and preventive measures. Keywords: early preeclampsia, placental ratio score, ultrasound examination.