Комбинированные технологии активации минерального сырья

Abstract

Relevance. The efficiency of using the products of subsoil exploitation is a factor in strengthening the mineral resource base of the mining industry. The success of improving ore preparation technologies is associated with the activation of mineral raw materials in mills, including impact mills – disintegrators. A fundamentally new approach to ore processing technology includes a combination of grinding methods in mills and other activators. The issues of increasing the activity of substances on the basis of combination form an urgent scientific and industrial problem. The aim of the study of the phenomenon of combined activation is to search for the possibility of increasing the level of activation, to ensure the stability of the acquired activity and to establish patterns of relationships between the activation processes and the technological processes of using mineral raw materials. Objects: products of the development of deposits of solid mineral raw materials in various mining sectors of the national economy. Methods: Laboratory, semi-industrial and industrial experiment using improved equipment for the activation of mineral raw materials. Results. The concepts of “mechanical activation” in mills and “activation with large mechanical energy” in a disintegrator are detailed. An assessment is given to the directions of improving the mills. The results of mechanochemical activation of powders oxides in a planetary centrifugal mill “Aktivator-2s” are given. The practice of activating mineral raw materials with a combination of activators of various types is described. It has been established that the efficiency of combining mills depends on the initial size of the crushed material and equipment options are recommended depending on this. It is shown that the combination of drum and vibration mills reduced the energy consumption of the product. The results of the combination and the vibrating mill in the technological chain of the concrete complex are presented. The algorithm for the combined activation of mineral raw materials is illustrated by the example of the technology applied at the mine, which includes grinding, mixing binders, inert aggregates and grout, as well as transporting the concrete mixture to the place of use. As a quantitative indicator of activation, an equivalent of activity or a proportional ratio of the combined components is proposed. The efficiency of using solid mineral raw materials increases when it is prepared in activators.