МУЗИЧНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ ІДЕЇ БОЛЕСЛАВА ЯВОРСЬКОГО

Abstract

The article is devoted to the research and generalization of Boleslav Yavorskyi's musical-pedagogical ideas, a famous pedagogue with encyclopedic knowledge, an organizer of musical education, a pianist, a composer, a musicologist, a conductor, a scientist, an author of the fricative rhythm, a developer of the unique methodological conception of the creative development of a personality. The analysis of B. Yavorskyi's pedagogical activity allows us to understand the significance of his contribution into the theoretical and practical development of mass musical education, allows to broaden the understanding of his experimental studies on the methodological conception of the creative education of a personality, which should be taught through performing and understanding of a music and its perception. In the course of the research the assertion that the introduction of the subject «listening to music» into the practice by B. Yavorskyi became a fundamental process in his system of music education was actualized. According to the scientist, listening to music has a significant impact on the consciousness and behavior of a personality. In the research the author defined and generalized the pedagogical ideas of B. Yavorskyi, which were aimed at the development of thinking and creative abilities of children through: 1) obligatory participation of an any-profile musician in the choir performance; 2) introduction of the subject «Listening to music» into the practice of all educational music establishments;3) acquaintance with the phase-epoch before analysing of the music composition; 4) analysis of the influence of music on the emotional condition of the pupil; 5) intonation and remembering of the main melody of the composition; 6) reproduction of the composition in the drawings and paintings, in literary activity and stagings or dramatizing, using the method of Art Synthesis; 7) selection of the best compositions for listening and analysis; 8) development of speech culture when expressing verbally one’s own impressions of the music composition;9) creation of personal compositions: musical (songs, miniatures for the piano), plastic, painting (drawings), literary (poems, small prose works). There has been made a conclusion that audio, motor, spoken and musical associations are laid into the basis of musical-pedagogical conception of B. Yavorskyi and that the creative approach of the pedagog to the organization of the lessons and the active role of young people in the different genres of art promotes formation of their intellect, outlook, aesthetic and ethical qualities. Summing up, it should be said that musical-pedagogical education at the beginning. XX century was enriched greatly innovative pedagogical ideas of B. Yavorskyi, whose creative method became the basis for the development of the musical-educational upbringing of children and young people in different countries of the world in particular in the pedagogical activity of M. Leontovych, who was a student and follower of B. Yavorskyi.