Abstract
The article provides philosophical analysis of socio-cultural and value-worldview bases of science in traditional society. It is revealed that being in the context of traditional society, science does not receive full development necessary for cognition of the surrounding world. It is shown that traditional society does not provide the development of science as an independent social institution for many reasons, which are contained in the socio-economic, cultural and spiritual state of traditional society. It is substantiated that science in traditional society acts in the role of practical and everyday knowledge and turns out to be unable to overcome the empirical level of cognition. New socio-cultural and spiritual conditions, qualitatively different from those that existed in traditional society, were necessary for the full-fledged development of science. The study of science in the context of traditional society helps to reveal its essence and specificity at this historical stage of development.
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